By Johnathan Paoli

Schools across Gauteng are in full preparation mode for the upcoming Schools Water Polo South Africa Inter-Provincial Tournament, set to take place early next month.

This highly anticipated event, one of the largest of its kind in the country, will host 123 teams from the U13 to U19 categories for both boys and girls. It is being held at Buffalo City’s Joan Harrison Aquatic Complex in the Eastern Cape, with additional matches hosted in other schools within the province as well as KwaZulu-Natal.

Adding an international flair, the Aussie Crocs from Queensland, Australia, are set to compete in the U19 boys’ category, promising a thrilling contest.

Central Gauteng’s U19 boys’ team, a standout performer in 2023, narrowly missed victory in last year’s finals after an intense penalty shootout against Western Province.

Led by coach Jon-Mar de Carvalho, the team is eager to reclaim their place at the top.

This year’s lineup includes seasoned players such as St John’s College trio Greg Pryce, Ross Rovelli, and Nicholas Searle, alongside Marc Smith of St Stithians and Karabo Mamaregane from King Edward VII (KES).

Notably, Mamaregane, who scored a hat-trick in the Currie Cup final earlier this year, is joined by KES teammates Juda Dos Santos and the Wilkins brothers, Harry and Jack.

Water polo in South Africa has deep roots, tracing back to informal school matches in the mid-20th century.

It was not until 1970, however, that a formal inter-provincial tournament concept took shape, following the proposal initially by Zimbabwe at a South African Amateur Swimming Union meeting, the idea gained traction in the following years.

Over the years, the tournament grew in scale, particularly in the late 1990s and early 2000s, when age categories expanded to include U13 through U19 for boys and girls.

Gauteng’s schools are approaching the tournament with a focus on fostering not only competitive excellence but also camaraderie and sportsmanship, with this year’s tournament being particularly significant, highlighting the growing prominence of South African water polo on the global stage.

With the Aussie Crocs joining the fray, local teams like Central Gauteng will have an opportunity not only to vie for the title, but to gain invaluable experience against international opponents, with the tournament offering a glimpse into the bright future of water polo in the country.

INSIDE EDUCATION

By Johnathan Paoli

Higher Education and Training Minister Nobuhle Nkabane is leading a South African delegation on a working visit to China to foster international collaboration in the field of technical and vocational education and training (TVET).

Department spokesperson Camagwini Mavovana said the trip would last until later this month.

It follows President Cyril Ramaphosa saying that SA-China relations would be elevated.

Nkabane’s itinerary includes participation in the three-day 2024 World Vocational and Technical Education Development conference in Tianjin, set to start on 20 November.

The event is expected to bring together over 1000 global leaders, educators and industry professionals to discuss topics including industry-education integration, sustainable development, skills development, teacher training and quality assurance in vocational education.

Mavovana said the event aimed to shape the future of vocational education worldwide and highlighted the transformative role of innovation and skills development in building resilient societies and economies.

She said the visit would involve a study mission designed to deepen collaboration between South African and Chinese institutions. Focus areas included technical education, expanding opportunities for South African students in China, and enhancing the country’s expertise in mineral processing and exploration.

Nkabane would promote institutional partnerships between South African TVET colleges and their Chinese counterparts, focusing on creating sustainable pathways for skills development and knowledge exchange.

The trip would also include expanding scholarship opportunities for students to pursue studies in China, and supporting South Africa’s skills development initiatives, particularly in fields critical to economic growth such as mineral sciences.

Nkabane is expected to be joined by the director-general of the department, Nkosinathi Sishi, as well as representatives from several South African tertiary educational institutions.

Additionally, representatives from the Council for Geoscience and the Council of Mineral Technology will accompany the delegation in order to strengthen collaboration on mineral sciences.

INSIDE EDUCATION

By Carlos Lopes

COP29 kicked off on Monday in Baku, Azerbaijan, with Africa continuing to find itself in a dilemma that goes beyond just climate financing. This dilemma, a reflection of global climate inequalities, highlights the lack of financial choices available to African countries.

The constraints weighing on the continent’s policy options have never been more visible. Traditional funding models are becoming obsolete, caught in the intersection of climate and development imperatives.

It is becoming clear that the distinction between climate financing and development financing no longer makes sense. This artificial separation, deeply rooted in the practices of international financial institutions and development agencies, obscures the true nature of the challenges African countries face.

The reality is simple: it is now impossible to plan development without integrating climate considerations, just as it is unthinkable to consider climate strategies without addressing fundamental development needs, such as infrastructure, poverty reduction and job creation. Yet the legacy of separate funding perpetuates a fragmented approach that fails to allocate resources according to real needs.

This disconnect has serious consequences for Africa, where limited access to liquidity and capital markets has always constrained countries’ ability to invest independently in climate resilience and sustainable development.

The missing link in sustainable development

The real obstacle for Africa is not a lack of ambition, commitment or even planning capacity, but rather insufficient access to liquidity. Unlike more prosperous regions, African countries have never benefitted from robust capital markets capable of supporting large-scale, long-term investments. Instead, they have relied on external borrowing at prohibitive rates, concessional financing and development aid.

In the context of climate financing, this dependency has only deepened inequalities. Africa, which accounts for less than 4% of global greenhouse gas emissions, bears a disproportionate burden of climate impacts while struggling to access the liquidity needed to meet both its development goals and climate ambitions.

International financial institutions such as the International Monetary Fund and World Bank have proposed reforms, but these are far too timid and do not address the root of the problem.

The discourse surrounding the “leverage” of private financing and hybrid financing – where public funds are used to attract private investments – is presented as a miracle solution for developing countries, but this model is fundamentally flawed. It creates the illusion that adequate funds are available while merely redistributing existing resources. In doing so, it forces African governments to absorb investment risks without actually generating new liquidity.

These financing methods compel African countries to choose projects that appeal to private investors, at the expense of those truly necessary for structural transformation.

The illusion of the carbon market

The carbon market is touted as a solution for African countries. In theory, it is meant to allow African nations to sell carbon credits generated by forest preservation or emission reductions to developed countries or companies looking to offset their emissions. But the reality is far more complex.

These markets remain fragmented, lack transparency and are dominated by interests that do not serve Africa’s development. The rules, certification processes and standards of these markets are dictated by developed countries, leaving African nations little control over the value of their credits.

The burden of emission reduction is placed on the countries that have historically suffered the most from climate change while contributing the least to it. This structure only exacerbates inequalities and limits the potential of carbon markets as a true sustainable development tool for Africa.

Africa is also encouraged to raise its ambitions within the framework of its nationally determined contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement, with the implicit promise that these efforts can be monetised through carbon credit sales. Yet, this remains an illusion. The fragmented nature of carbon markets and the control exercised by opaque intermediaries mean that African countries risk multiplying their commitments without reaping real financial benefits. These markets could therefore become yet another means of exploiting African resources without delivering substantial gains to populations.

Reinforcing dependency

New fiscal mechanisms and regulatory requirements introduced by developed countries, such as the European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism and stricter forest protection conditions, pose additional obstacles to the continent’s development. These measures impose higher standards on producers, forcing them to bear the compliance costs while consumers in developed countries are exempt from the obligation to subsidise these transformations. This is a classic case of misplaced responsibility: African producers, already facing low prices for their products, must now shoulder the cost of adapting to regulations they did not create.

The result is a scenario where African countries find themselves trapped. Forced to adopt standards and practices that serve the interests of developed countries without the necessary financial support or market access, they become locked into even greater economic asymmetries. This situation, far from being a means to combat climate change, reinforces dependency and undermines development objectives.

Another glaring example of the limited choices imposed on Africa is the discourse around energy. While energy security is presented as a pragmatic choice for wealthy nations, access to energy is relegated to a long-term challenge for African countries, which are expected to accommodate this patiently.

The reality is that Africa’s vast natural gas reserves could play a crucial role in funding its transition to clean energy. But African countries are discouraged from exploiting these resources on the grounds that it would increase their carbon footprint, even as developed countries continue to exploit their own without restraint. This double standard clearly illustrates the injustices that characterise the global architecture of climate financing.

Towards an inclusive financial architecture

The solution lies in creating a financial architecture that recognises the interdependence of development and climate, giving African countries access to the liquidity needed to drive their own transformation. It is about moving beyond false divides to embrace a holistic approach that tackles the root causes of limited political choices in Africa.

COP29 presents an opportunity to challenge the status quo and advocate for a more equitable system that allows African nations to define their own development paths. It is time to recognise that Africa’s struggle is not about a lack of ambition – it is about a lack of options. Ending this double injustice is the only way to pave the way to a truly sustainable and inclusive future for the continent and the world.

Understand Africa’s tomorrow… today

We believe that Africa is poorly represented, and badly under-estimated. Beyond the vast opportunity manifest in African markets, we highlight people who make a difference; leaders turning the tide, youth driving change and an indefatigable business community. That is what we believe will change the continent, and that is what we report on. With hard-hitting investigations, innovative analysis and deep dives into countries and sectors, The Africa Report delivers the insight you need.

Lopez is a Professor at the Mandela School of Public Governance at the University of Cape Town.

INSIDE EDUCATION

By Amy Musgrave

President Cyril Ramaphosa has announced three interventions to deal with the food contamination crisis, with one of them specifically focusing on protecting children from exposure to harmful substances.

The Basic Education Department has been instructed to immediately issue a circular to provincial education departments and all schools on best practice protocols for preventing and managing foodborne illnesses within schools.

Over the last few weeks alone, foodborne illnesses have claimed the lives of at least 22 children. In Naledi in Soweto, six learners who were friends, died after consuming food from a spaza shop. The youngest was just six-years-old.

“By the start of the new school year, the Department of Basic Education and school governing bodies, together with the Department of Health, will review and update the guidelines for schools on the management of suppliers of foodstuffs to public schools. This will include tuck shops operated at these schools,” the president said on Friday night.

It would be complemented by a public education campaign aimed at communities, spaza shops, tuck shops, informal traders and other retailers on health, safety and hygiene regulations, the identification of hazardous products, and regulations that applied to hazardous products and legal consequences.

While multidisciplinary teams were still trying to get to the bottom of the food contamination crisis, Ramaphosa confirmed that tests from the National Institute for Communicable Diseases showed the deaths in Naledi were directly attributed to Terbufos, a highly hazardous chemical used as a pesticide.

“After stringent testing, a chip packet found on one of the children who had died, had traces of Terbufos on both the inside and the outside of the packet,” he said.

Terbufos is registered in South Africa for agricultural use and may not be sold for general household use. However, it is being informally sold as a “street pesticide” for domestic use in townships and informal settlements to control rats.

During investigations into the Naledi deaths, inspectors found that at some shops, food was being stored next to pesticides and detergents.

“Even as our investigations are ongoing, it is critical to understand that this is not a problem confined to spaza shops and other informal traders. The unregulated use of restricted pesticides in communities has become a growing problem, with devastating consequences.”

Another chemical, Aldicarb, and an organophosphate known as Galephirimi, were being sold by street vendors and hawkers to control rat infestations.

Aldicarb has been banned for use in South Africa since 2016.

The president said that the ministers of Basic Education and Health and other government departments would classify certain pesticides and insecticides not suitable for home use as “dangerous objects”, and they may not be brought or used on school premises.

This would be undertaken in terms of the Regulations on Safety Measures for Public Schools.

On the way forward, a ministerial health advisory committee was being established to develop medium- and long-term prevention measures. This committee would comprise experts such as toxicologists, paediatricians, chemical pathologists, epidemiologists and forensic pathologists.

All deaths of patients who were aged 12 and below would now be reported on the Notifiable Medical Condition Surveillance System.

“An electronic medical certification of death system will be established to allow the national Department of Health to access cause of death information immediately after a death is certified,” Ramaphosa said.

He said few words could adequately convey “our sadness and our pain as a nation”.

“Our thoughts and prayers are with their families as they go through the pain and the anguish of losing their children.

“Losing a child is something no parent should ever have to endure. The young children who died weren’t just children of their families, they were our children,” Ramaphosa said.

As the country adopted the new interventions and measures, the president once again appealed to parents to protect their children.

“As consumers and parents, if we buy food or send our children to buy food, it must only be from places that are licensed to sell foodstuffs and that observe food safety regulations.

“We must check that food is prepared in a clean and hygienic area. We must make sure that foodstuffs being sold have clear branding and labels, and that they are not past their sell-by date.

“We must educate our children about food safety and teach them to check for this labelling themselves,” he said.

He pleaded with anyone who saw fake foodstuffs and expired foodstuffs being sold, to contact the National Consumer Commission.

INSIDE EDUCATION

By Johnathan Paoli

The Basic Education Department has confirmed that it is currently in discussions with its legal team on whether to fight the enforcement notice by the Information Regulator (IR) in prohibiting the publishing of matric results on media platforms.

Basic Education spokesperson Elijah Mhlanga said the department was due to meet its legal team for advice over the weekend.

He told Inside Education that the department has discussed the issue internally. It was now requesting legal counsel.

Mhlanga said by the end of the weekend, the department would have an idea of how to proceed.

IR spokesperson Nomzamo Zondi said on Friday that following a compliance assessment by the regulator, the department was found to be violating Section 11 of  the Protection of Personal Information Act.

Zondi said the department had failed to secure permission from matriculants who sat for the 2023 National Senior Certificate exams or their guardians, before publishing their personal information, thereby breaching privacy rights.

“The IR found that no legal justification existed for the DBE to continue with the publication of the results in the newspapers,” she said.

Civil rights group AfriForum is also consulting its lawyers on the matter.

INSIDE EDUCATION

By Johnathan Paoli 

The Information Regulator (IR) has ordered the Basic Education Department to refrain from publishing matric results for 2024 on media platforms, and it must obtain explicit consent to publish the 2025 results.

This directive follows an enforcement notice issued by the regulator, citing non-compliance with the Protection of Personal Information Act (POPIA). 

IR spokesperson Nomzamo Zondi spoke to Inside Education on Thursday, saying that following a POPIA compliance assessment, they found that the department’s practice of publishing matric results violated Section 11 of the Act. 

Zondi said the department had failed to secure permission from matriculants who sat for the 2023 National Senior Certificate exams or their guardians, before publishing their personal information, thereby breaching privacy rights.

“The IR found that no legal justification existed for the DBE to continue with the publication of the results in the newspapers,” she said. 

The regulator advised the department to employ alternative, privacy-compliant methods for distributing matric results, including having students retrieve their results directly from their schools or using a secure SMS platform. 

This would enable students to access their scores confidentially.

In addition, the IR ordered that for the 2025 cohort, the department must create a system to collect prior consent from learners or their guardians if it intended to publish results publicly. 

Zondi said that should the department fail to implement these changes, it risked being barred from publishing matric results in any form for 2025. 

In 2022, the department initially decided to stop publishing matric results in the media to align with Popia requirements, aiming to protect student privacy and curb potential misuse of their personal information. 

However, this decision was challenged by civil rights group AfriForum, Maroela Media and Anlé Spies, a 2021 matriculant. They argued that limited access to school facilities and the internet could hinder students, particularly those in rural areas, from easily accessing their results. 

The North Gauteng High Court ruled in favour of the publication and instructed the department to publish matric results while omitting first names and surnames, instead using only examination numbers. 

Zondi, however, maintained that while ordering the department to publish the results, Judge Miller did not make a ruling on the merits of whether the processing of personal information by publishing matric results was a violation of Popia.

Inside Education spoke to AfriForum’s Alana Bailey, who said its legal division would study the directive.

Department spokesperson Elijah Mhlanga said they would officially communicate the way forward in due time.

Headed by Pansy Tlakula, the IR is an independent body established in terms of Popia. It is accountable to the National Assembly and responsible for overseeing the protection of personal information in the country. 

INSIDE EDUCATION

By Thapelo Molefe

In a bid to protect the dignity of girls, Parliament’s basic and higher education committees are calling on the government to urgently provide free and accessible menstrual sanitary towels in schools.

They said this was particularly important for learners from low-income backgrounds who often missed school due to a lack of access to menstrual sanitary products.

“The distribution of sanitary towels in schools is not managed properly, as they are often kept at the principal’s office, and girls requiring them have to go and ask for them, which affects their dignity,” said the basic education committee chairperson Joy Maimela.

This comes after a joint meeting between the two committees to discuss a petition by Team Free Sanitary Pads and the I Menstruate Movement on Wednesday. 

The petition highlighted the struggles girls faced due to lack of access to sanitary products and proper hygiene facilities, leading to absenteeism.

To address these issues, the committees are now seeking the involvement of the private sector to help make these essential products more affordable and accessible.

They have strongly recommended that retail shops and other private sector stakeholders reduce the price of sanitary products to alleviate the burden on girls from poor backgrounds.

The committees also noted that poverty remained a significant barrier to menstrual health, forcing many girls to purchase unregulated products from informal vendors, which may not meet health standards. 

They stressed the importance of addressing this issue through affordable, quality-assured products.

“We might need to do a comprehensive report on how much is spent to assist young girls. We have not taken this matter as seriously as we should, and this is what these organisations are telling us,” Maimela added.

Meanwhile, Tebogo Letsie who is the chairperson of the committee on higher education, noted the NSFAS’ increased support for women students.

“The R350 that National Student Financial Aid Scheme continues to provide for dignitary packs over and above the normal allowances is a welcomed relief,” said Letsie.

The allowances increased from R290 to R350 this year to accommodate inflation.

The committees recommended introducing comprehensive menstrual health education from Grade 4 and educating young boys to foster understanding and support for girls during their menstrual cycles.

INSIDE EDUCATION

By Lungile Ntimba

The old Johannesburg Planetarium has been relaunched as the state-of-the-art Wits Anglo American Digital Dome.

It features new cutting-edge digital projectors to enhance science education at the university in Johannesburg.

According to Wits Vice-Chancellor Zeblon Vilakazi the dome serves as a modern teaching venue and a collaborative research space for scientists and students to visualise their work in big data, astrophysics, digital arts, artificial medicine, microbiology and precision medicine.

The Johannesburg planetarium has been a beacon of astronomical education and wonder in South Africa since 1960.

“For more than six decades, this institution, as the first fully sized planetarium in Africa and the second in the southern hemisphere, has played a pivotal role in inspiring countless individuals, from young students to seasoned scientists, fostering a deep appreciation of the cosmos and its mysteries,” Vilakazi said in a statement.

He said the experience of visiting the planetarium has been a rite of passage for many South African children, potentially influencing future career choices and fostering a lifelong interest in science.

“Personally, I visited the old Planetarium in 1981 at the height of apartheid. It left a huge and indelible mark on me, and I believe that it played a key role in igniting a scientific spark that led to me becoming a nuclear physicist.

“Through the Wits Anglo American Digital Dome, we hope to continue inspiring people from various disciplines including those working in climate modelling, artificial intelligence and the digital arts,” he said.

Anglo American CEO Duncan Wanblad said the investment was vital for advancing knowledge, driving innovation and boosting economic growth in tertiary education.

He said that universities were hubs of research and development, producing skilled professionals who tackled global challenges and pushed technological and scientific boundaries.

“Infrastructure like the digital dome enable this progress, providing students with specialised skills, enhancing job prospects and earning potential while contributing to broader societal and economic transformation,” Wanblad said.

He said he was inspired to witness the power of their partnership with Wits and the efforts made to rebuild the city. 

According to the head of the dome, Moumita Aich, vistors, students and researchers would enjoy a 360 high-tech immersive experience.

Speaking at the launch on Tuesday night, Vilakazi said this historic event brought the global space race to the heart of Johannesburg.

He attributed the success of the planetarium to the late Arthur Bleksley, who was a professor in applied mathematics and astronomer at Wits from 1932 to 1968.

“… Prof. Bleksley served as the first director of the planetarium, when it opened its doors in 1960 until just before his retirement. 

“Prof. Bleksley was indeed a man ahead of his time when it came to science communication and education, focusing a lot of his attention on teaching and explaining science to the public, often raising the ire of his colleagues when appearing in popular media to explain scientific concepts in easy-to-understand terms,” Vilakazi said.    

According to the university, the refurbished facility includes a new digital projection and sound systems and auditorium seating.

The dome opens to the public in February.

INSIDE EDUCATION

By Johannah Malogadihlare

The Basic Education Department is currently on a drive to register early childhood development (ECD) operators, with a target of 10,000 by the end of 2025.

There are around 18,000 centres registered nationally, according to department spokesperson Elijah Mhlanga.

He said that currently around half of the ECD programmes were not registered and were attended by tens of thousands of children.

“This means that more than 20,000 ECD programmes operate outside the regulatory framework and are not part of any formal oversight process, which disproportionately affects ECDs in low-income areas meaning the poorest children are most likely to miss out on oversight and funding,” he said in a statement.

“ECD is a critical period in a child’s life that lays the foundation for future learning, behaviour and health,” Mhlanga said.

South African practitioners will be assisted through the application process by a contact centre agent on the department’s new Early Childhood Administrative and Reporting System (eCares).

The department said its team was working closely with provinces to align on the new registration framework, processes and goals.

“We are also partnering with other ecosystem stakeholders and NGOs who are supporting the registration drive. We are currently live in Gauteng and Free State and will soon roll out into the rest of the provinces,” said Mhlanga.

The department has received over 3000 applications since the process opened in June. Around 800 new ECDs operators have been registered.

Mhlanga said this had impacted 27,114 children and 3116 staff members. “To put this in context, since the ECD function shift from the DSD (social development) to the DBE, Gauteng has had a total of 2380 registered centres, and through the campaign we have added 30% more registered ECDs to this number,” Mhlanga said.

INSIDE EDUCATION

By Johnathan Paoli

The SA Democratic Teachers’ Union in KwaZulu-Natal has called on the education department to do more in addressing the challenges the sector is facing in the province, highlighting financial shortfalls and the government’s failure to meet its obligations to schools.

Sadtu provincial secretary Nomarashiya Caluzao said that following discussions between the union and education department, alongside protests at district offices; that the Sadtu’s aim was not only to advocate for teacher’s rights, but also to secure the resources necessary for student’s educational needs.

“In essence, the department of education in the province is failing to deliver on its core mandate. The department does not learn from its past experiences,” she told reporters on Tuesday.

A central concern raised by Caluza was the significant underfunding of no-fee schools, which made up the majority in the province.

She said these quintile 1 to 3 schools are fully reliant on government allocations for essential resources, including textbooks, stationery as well as operational costs.

However, Caluza criticised the department for failing to meet its obligations, with principals reportedly using personal funds to keep schools running, a practice she described as unsustainable.

She highlighted that the province’s funding for learners in these schools lagged far behind national norms, with current allocations being R955 per student, as opposed to the national figure of R1602.

Similar disparities affected quintile 4 and 5 schools, further exacerbating the province’s educational inequities.

Caluzao warned that without urgent financial intervention, the department’s failure to provide sufficient funds would lead to the dysfunction of these institutions.

Despite a protest march in October last year to demand increased support for schools, the same grievances persisted.

She noted that instead of addressing the shortfalls, the department implemented a plan to deliver school funds in eight instalments rather than two; and even then, failed to adhere to this instalment schedule, leaving schools in a precarious position.

The secretary said the department’s financial neglect impacted Grade R education, reporting that basic allocations for classes have not been paid since January.

Caluza underscored the contradiction between the department’s stated commitment to early childhood development and its failure to fund Grade R, which was foundation to children’s learning progress.

She said that despite having significant responsibilities in children’s early learning stages, most Grade R practitioners were underpaid, lacked benefits, and received no pension, medical aid or housing allowance.

With 98.3% of these practitioners being women, she argued that the department’s failure to address the inequities reflects systemic gender discrimination.

She said that since the union had started protesting last week, the department has reportedly paid R107 million to schools, and confirmed that schools have begun receiving these funds.

The department had also paid the ECD/Grade R grant to primary schools, marking the first such payment in over a year.

Caluza reported progress in converting qualifying temporary educators to permanent positions, with only 67 of 548 educators still awaiting conversion.

She said the department has committed to adjusting Grade R stipends by 28 November, with human resources employees already working on processing these payments.

She confirmed the department’s announcement of plans to request assistance from the National Treasury in order to ensure teachers receive their pay progression by 5 December.

Meanwhile, Parliament’s education portfolio committee has reiterated that that the Treasury must guard against budget cuts affecting the Basic Education Department’s programmes.

Chairperson Makhi Feni said this was especially important for public township schools.

“This department is challenged with absorbing the Early Childhood Development children as the function had just been transferred to DBE. Apart from that, we are yet to resolve matters of sanitation, safety and curriculum provision needs. The sector requires funding,” he said on Tuesday.

“The committee believes retrenching or not employing new teachers suffocates the sector. The security of schools from extortionists and the safety of children and principals are also issues that should be resolved. All of these require adequate funding.”

INSIDE EDUCATION