Staff Reporter

The High Court in Bloemfontein, sitting in Botshabelo, has sentenced four people, including the wife and brother-in-law of slain teacher Fezile Mnyobisi, for his brutal and premeditated murder.

Vusimuzi Daniel Nqele, 43, and Moeketsi Innocent Manko, 35, were each sentenced to life imprisonment. Abdool Rahman Thamando, 35, the brother-in-law of the deceased, was sentenced to 20 years’ imprisonment, while Halimmah Thamando Mnyobisi, 38, the wife of the deceased, was sentenced to life imprisonment.

All four accused were convicted of murder, read with the provisions of Section 51(1) Part I Schedule 2 of Act 105 of 1997, relating to premeditated murder.

The case stemmed from events on Friday, 15 September 2023, when Botshabelo police received an alert from a local hospital regarding a suspected murder. A patrol vehicle was immediately dispatched.

Upon arrival, police were told that 35-year-old Fezile Mnyobisi, a teacher at Refihlile Primary School in C-Section, had been brought to the hospital by his wife in a private vehicle. He was declared dead on arrival.

Preliminary investigations revealed that Mnyobisi had sustained more than 30 stab wounds to his torso. Botshabelo police initially registered a case of murder and robbery at the Botshabelo Police Station.

Police said an intense and multi-disciplinary investigation by the Provincial Criminal Record and Crime Scene Management, alongside the Investigative Psychology Section, led to warrants of arrest being issued.

Hitmen Nqele and Manko were intercepted and arrested in November 2024 for murder and conspiracy to commit murder. Further investigation led to the arrest of Mnyobisi’s brother-in-law, Abdool Rahman Thamando.

Police said the final arrest was made on 26 November 2024 at about 16:00, after intelligence-led leads helped the tracking team trace Halimmah Thamando Mnyobisi, who had been on the run.

She was found hiding at a luxury residential complex in Sandton, Gauteng, where she was staying with her alleged boyfriend. She was arrested and brought to face justice alongside her co-conspirators.

Police said the conviction followed work by Detective Warrant Officer Lehlohonolo Tloanyane and Detective Sergeant Lebohang Nkopane, under the leadership of Captain Sandile Dladla, in close consultation with State Advocate Mpemvane from the National Prosecuting Authority.

During sentencing, the presiding officer said: “Most brutal Gender-Based Violence cases are perpetrated by males, but this time around, it is a female who stands accused. This sentence should serve as a lesson to those who still think that because women are generally regarded as vulnerable, they are not capable of such brutal and heinous acts.”

Free State Provincial Commissioner Lieutenant General Thabang Solly Lesia lauded the investigating team and the prosecution for securing what he described as a watertight case.

“This sentence sends an unequivocal message that the law will not hesitate to strike down heavily on anyone who orchestrates the destruction of human life, regardless of their gender,” Lesia said.

“It is deeply disturbing when a spouse, who is meant to be a protector, becomes the architect of such a gruesome betrayal and violent crime. We hope this life sentence brings a sense of closure to the family and colleagues of Mr. Mnyobisi. I highly commend our detectives and the NPA for closing every loophole and ensuring that these perpetrators face the full might of the law.”

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By Lebone Rodah Mosima

KwaZulu-Natal led the 2026 ABC Motsepe South African Schools Choral Eisteddfod after the first two days of national competition, with 11 trophies as choirs from across the country headed into the final stretch of the four-day championships.

The championships run from June 30 to July 3 at Moreleta Kerk in Pretoria. They are delivered by the departments of Basic Education and Sport, Arts and Culture, in partnership with the Motsepe Foundation, and bring together top-performing school choirs from all nine provinces after district and provincial rounds.

The KZN Department of Education said the province was leading after Day Two with 11 trophies, making it the early frontrunner in the national standings.

In the secondary schools section, the Eastern Cape’s Nolitha won the Special Schools SID Own Song Choice category, followed by North West’s Temogo and Gauteng’s Adelaide Tambo.

KZN’s Newtown won the Special Schools MID, PD, Deaf and Blind category for Ngothando, ahead of North West’s Christiana and Limpopo’s Setotolwane.

KZN also scored strongly in the choir categories, with Aquadene taking first place in Mixed Choirs Western, ahead of Limpopo’s Klaas Mothapo and Gauteng’s Curtis Nkondo.

Klaas Mothapo then won the Mixed Choirs African category for Thuto by P Mamabolo, with Mpumalanga’s D.M. Motsaosele Secondary School second and Aquadene third.

The Mpumalanga Department of Education congratulated D.M. Motsaosele on Thursday, saying the choir had delivered “a performance that resonated with grace, passion and musical excellence”.

“This remarkable achievement is a testament to the visionary leadership and musical excellence of Mr G. Zunguza, whose dedication, discipline and inspiring direction guided the choir to this national milestone,” the department said.

Mpumalanga’s Shongwe won the Mixed Double Quartet for Farm and Small Schools with Silent Worship by GF Handel. KwaZulu-Natal’s Einsiedeln placed second, while Gauteng’s Kudung finished third.

In the primary section, the Eastern Cape’s Lingomsolethu Primary School won the Special Schools SID Own Choice category, followed by KZN’s Thuthukani Primary School and Free State’s Leboneng Primary School.

Mandela Park Primary School from the Eastern Cape also stood out after securing first place in both the Boys’ Choir and Mixed Choirs African categories.

KZN’s Grantham Park Primary School picked up the Best Conductor award, with Ms ZZ Luhlolongwane named as conductor.

The final results are expected after the closing day of competition on Friday.

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By Lebone Rodah Mosima

Minister in the Presidency for Women, Youth and Persons with Disabilities Sindisiwe Lydia Chikunga has called for stronger public-private partnerships to tackle South Africa’s youth unemployment crisis and food insecurity, saying government cannot solve either challenge on its own.

Chikunga was speaking on Wednesday at the launch of KFC Africa’s Impact Report in Bryanston, Johannesburg, under the theme: “Private Sector as a Partner in Youth Economic Inclusion and Food Security.”

“I also wish to commend KFC Africa for being one of the key corporate partners of the Youth Employment Service (YES) — the substantive public-private partnership that has transitioned more than 200,000 young South Africans from being labelled as “unemployed” to being registered as “employed” through a twelve-month work experience placement in the private sector,” Chikunga said.

“KFC’s participation in the YES architecture demonstrates, first-hand, how the transition from learning to earning can be operationalised at scale.”

Chikunga placed KFC Africa’s work within the broader Presidential Youth Employment Intervention (PYEI), which she said was government’s national response to youth unemployment and required a strong coalition between government, business and civil society.

She said the PYEI’s performance since its launch was now publicly documented, with interventions reaching millions of young South Africans across different employment and earning pathways.

“The SA Youth platform, which is the digital gateway of the PYEI, currently holds active registrations of more than 2.36 million young people, who are matched to opportunities in the labour market on an ongoing basis,” she said.

“The Employment Services of South Africa (ESSA) system has placed more than 402,515 young people into work experience, learnerships, and formal employment through PYEI-aligned partnerships.”

However, the latest PYEI fourth-quarter update places current SA Youth registrations at more than 5.9 million and ESSA registrations at more than 5.36 million. Since its launch in 2020, the PYEI has facilitated access to more than 2.5 million temporary earning opportunities through SA Youth and a further 422,667 opportunities through ESSA.

The call for deeper partnerships comes as South Africa continues to battle high levels of youth unemployment. According to Statistics South Africa’s first-quarter 2026 labour data, 4.7 million young people aged 15 to 34 were unemployed, while the unemployment rate stood at 60.9% for those aged 15 to 24 and 40.6% for those aged 25 to 34.

Chikunga said partnerships had to be backed by strong knowledge management and must be able to answer the critical questions of any strategic mission, allowing government and its partners to anticipate, respond to and navigate uncertainty.

She said the launch showed how private-sector partnerships could be implemented at scale.

“What we are launching today is indicative of what a partnership can look like when it is executed at scale,” she said.

“I therefore want to make a substantive call to KFC and its associated stakeholders. Our young people must be trained, integrated, and transitioned into viable businesses across the food, agricultural value chains, and related industries — from primary production, to logistics, and distribution to the food services, hospitality sector, and into the digital platforms that increasingly mediate all of these.”

Chikunga said every young South African involved in agriculture, food services or hospitality should have a clear pathway into sustainable economic activity.

She said youth economic inclusion could not be reduced to short-term participation, but had to mean the meaningful integration of young people into productive enterprises on terms that promoted ownership, agency and real prospects of wealth accumulation.

Turning to food security, Chikunga said South Africa’s challenge was not only the availability of food, but whether households could access it consistently and affordably.

“Too often, food security is viewed through a narrow and limited lens. Food security is not about the mere availability of food,” she said.

“Food is abundantly available — yet the marginalised remain food-insecure. The gap between availability and access is the substantive analytical question.”

She said food security also had to be understood through the lens of reparative justice, including the restoration of the rights of historically marginalised communities and their sovereignty over food systems.

Chikunga said South Africa could only be considered food-secure when all people had access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that met their dietary and cultural needs, while also addressing the historical injustices that shaped current food inequities.

She identified several areas where the private sector could support youth economic participation and food security at scale.

These included supporting young South Africans to work the land, with specific attention to young women and persons with disabilities; helping emerging farmers transition into sustainable agribusinesses; investing in extension services, technical mentoring, market access, off-take agreements, supply-chain integration and patient capital.

She also said young South Africans and African entrepreneurs needed better access to local, continental and international markets, including opportunities created through the African Continental Free Trade Area, which brings together a market of about 1.4 billion people with a combined GDP of approximately US$3.4 trillion.

Chikunga said government and business also had to scale up youth employment in food, hospitality and distribution through targeted skills programmes, franchise expansion, enterprise development and the integration of youth-owned SMEs into supply chains.

She said the private sector could further support young people by helping expand affordable, high-speed data access in townships, rural areas and informal settlements, where many young people live and where digital platforms increasingly shape access to opportunity.

Chikunga said partnerships such as those with KFC Africa showed what was possible when social impact initiatives were linked to broader national priorities.

“You can count on our partnership and we very much look forward to working with you well into the future,” she said.

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Dr Mario Landman

By 2026, the initial panic that greeted the launch of generative AI in higher education has transitioned into a complex, high-stakes standoff. 

At the heart of this conflict are AI checkers – software designed to catch students using tools like ChatGPT. 

However, a growing number of institutions, including major South African universities, are now switching these detectors off, sparking a fundamental rethink of what it means to learn and be assessed in a digital age.

The primary reason for the retreat from AI detection is a lack of accuracy.

AI detectors do not know if a machine wrote a text; instead, they measure statistical signatures like “perplexity” (how predictable the language is) and “burstiness” (variation in sentence rhythm). 

But as generative models have evolved to mimic human style more effectively, these signatures have become blurred. 

Independent evaluations show that while some tools claim 99% accuracy, their effectiveness drops to between 60% and 80% as soon as a student manually edits or adds “humanise” when prompting the AI. 

Furthermore, newer models like Claude 3 generate natural-sounding prose that frequently evades mainstream checkers.

For many administrators, using such probabilistic tools to make life-altering disciplinary decisions is becoming an unacceptable risk to due process.

The crisis of fairness and bias 

For South African institutions, the most damaging aspect of AI detection is documented bias against non-native English speakers. 

Research has shown that detectors disproportionately flag ESL (English as a Second Language) students because their writing often uses more formal, standardised structures that the software mistakes for machine-generated patterns.

One landmark study found a 61.3% false positive rate for TOEFL essays written by Chinese students, compared to just 5.1% for native speakers. In a multilingual country like South Africa, where English is often a second or third language, relying on these tools creates a systemic equity crisis that risks unfairly penalising students from disadvantaged backgrounds.

The devil’s bargain of efficiency 

The complexity is deepened by what scholars call a “devil’s bargain” in modern academia.

AI can automate lesson planning for lecturers and generate plausible essays for students, creating an appearance of productivity while hollowing out actual learning. This leads to the rise of “shallow knowledge workers” –  graduates who are proficient in prompt manipulation but deficient in critical analysis and independent reflection.

By switching off AI checkers, universities are forced to confront this erosion of cognitive capacity. Rather than attempting to detect the machine, they are redesigning the work to make human thinking visible.

The way forward 

The emerging way forward in South African higher education is a shift from “policing” to “stewardship”. The focus is moving toward:

• Authentic Assessment: Moving away from take-home essays toward oral defences (viva voce), in-class writing benchmarks, and practical demonstrations.
• AI-integrated Assessment frameworks: Implementing clear frameworks that define acceptable AI use across different assessment contexts. This may include a tiered approach where AI use is prohibited, permitted for specific parts of an assessment, or fully integrated into the assessment process without penalty, provided its use is transparent and aligned with the learning outcomes.
• Process-Based Grading: Grading the “learning journey” by requiring students to submit research logs, drafts, and “Epistemic Meta-Reflections” where they justify their interaction with AI.
• Human-in-the-Loop Frameworks: Implementing automated grading only when it includes mandatory human review to ensure factual accuracy and fairness.
• Transparency and Disclosure: Replacing bans with disclosure requirements, where students must cite which tools they used and for what purpose.

As South Africa finalises its Draft National AI Policy – which ironically ran into an early roadblock after it was found the first iteration was drafted by AI – the higher education sector has an opportunity to ground AI governance in the philosophy of Ubuntu, with its emphasis on interdependence, human dignity, and collective responsibility. 

The goal should not be to win an unwinnable technological race, but to establish a renewed contract of trust: one in which AI is used as a scaffold for thought, not a substitute for it.

Mario Landman is Executive: Educational Technology and Innovation at The IIE and ADvTECH’s Academic Centre of Excellence. 

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By Charmaine Ndlela

The Presidential Youth Employment Intervention (PYEI) recorded 155,166 new earning opportunities during the fourth quarter of the 2025/26 financial year, from January to March this year,  bringing the total number of opportunities accessed through the initiative to more than 2.9 million since its launch in 2020.

Deputy Minister in the Presidency Nonceba Mhlauli said the latest results demonstrate steady progress in tackling youth unemployment through coordinated partnerships between government, the private sector and civil society.

ALSO READ: Junior Boks brace for physical Georgia clash after record-breaking start

More than 5.9 million young people have registered on the SA Youth platform since the programme’s inception, while 5.36 million are registered on the government’s Employment Services of South Africa (ESSA) database. The PYEI is an overarching inititaive With a number of programmes. The largest of these is the Basic Education Employment Initiative (BEEI) which hires teacjer assistants for public shools among others. 

To date, SA Youth has facilitated more than 2.5 million earning opportunities, with a further 422,667 opportunities accessed through ESSA.

Mhlauli said the intervention continues to address inequalities in the labour market, with more than 70% of opportunities benefiting young women.

“PYEI continues to demonstrate its commitment to contributing to closing gaps in the labour market for young people,” she said. 

The intervention’s demand-led skilling programme also recorded strong growth during the quarter. Through the Youth Employment Service (YES), 18,310 young people secured workplace experience opportunities, while the Department of Higher Education and Training, through Sector Education and Training Authorities (SETAs), placed a further 5,005 TVET students and graduates in work-integrated learning opportunities.

The quarter’s total of 23,315 workplace experience placements was more than double that achieved during the previous quarter, bringing the cumulative total to 228,148 placements.

Enterprise development also expanded, with the National Youth Development Agency (NYDA) providing 6,085 enterprise support opportunities during the quarter, including 5,553 non-financial and 532 financial support interventions.

Mhlauli said the Revitalised National Youth Service (NYS) continues to create paid service opportunities for young people while equipping them with valuable skills.

She announced that Phase 5 of the programme will recruit an additional 100,000 young people across South Africa.

“This will result in a significant increase in the number of young people accessing NYS opportunities,” she said.

The Deputy Minister also highlighted the performance of the Jobs Boost Outcomes Fund, South Africa’s first large-scale outcomes-based employment fund.

The R300 million pilot programme, which concluded implementation in March 2026, exceeded several of its targets. By 30 March 2026, 9,260 young people had enrolled, while 7,044 participants had secured jobs, surpassing the placement target by more than 50%.

The programme also verified 5,211 participants who remained employed for at least three months, with 3,795 sustaining employment for six months.

Mhlauli said the results demonstrate the effectiveness of outcomes-based funding in creating sustainable employment opportunities for young people.

ALSO READ: Gauteng schools rocked by corruption as MEC reveals R2.2m overspending in one, theft and procurement scandals in others

“The results of the financial year demonstrate what coordinated, demand-led action can deliver for young people in South Africa,” Mhlauli said.

 “Heading into the 2026/27 financial year, our focus remain on scaling the delivery of quality work placements, advancing the mainstream of outcomes-based financial in public service delivery, and contributing to centre the ambition of South Africa’s young people across every part of the intervention.”

Launched by President Cyril Ramaphosa in 2020, the Presidential Youth Employment Intervention was established as to help young people transition from learning to earning through skills development, workplace experience, entrepreneurship support and employment opportunities.

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By Willem Kitshoff 

The question is no longer whether artificial intelligence belongs in South African classrooms. It is already there, formally through approved school platforms, and informally through learner usage and teacher experimentation.

The real challenge is moving beyond the hype to provide schools with practical clarity, consistency, and implementation frameworks that let them use these technologies effectively and responsibly.

As Riaan van der Bergh, Deputy CEO of the Federation of Governing Bodies of South African Schools (FEDSAS), recently observed, the priority is giving teachers and learners the exact frameworks they need to navigate these tools safely. That is not a technological hurdle alone.

It is fundamentally a challenge of governance, operational readiness, and system design.

Schools are among the most complex institutions in society.

They simultaneously juggle teaching, communication, administration, finance, legal compliance, and pastoral care. In that high-pressure environment, any new technology must reduce complexity, or it risks compounding it.

Two decades of working with schools have taught us one simple truth: efficiently run schools are often the best-performing ones. When communication flows smoothly and administrative burdens lift, educators can do what they are there to do: teach. That lesson is critical as AI enters the fold.

While public conversation fixates on AI’s capabilities, the more important question is integration. AI can support personalised learning, streamline administration, and free educators from routine tasks. But without strict oversight, it introduces serious risks: misinformation, fragmented systems, and data privacy breaches.

The policy gap in our schools is widening.

Well-intentioned teachers are uploading learner work, report data, and behavioural notes into public generative AI platforms to save time, inadvertently exposing personally identifiable information to public algorithms and raising immediate flags under the Protection of Personal Information Act (POPIA). The answer is not to ban innovation.

It is to govern it.

Schools need clear guidance on what data can and cannot be shared with AI systems. Governing bodies need policies that remove legal uncertainty. And schools need technology partners who understand the unique legal responsibilities that come with managing learner information.

The most promising applications of AI in education are not necessarily the most visible. They are the ones embedded within trusted systems and governed environments, where schools retain oversight of information, access and accountability.

As schools adopt AI, the focus should not be on introducing more tools, but on ensuring that these technologies are integrated into existing institutional frameworks. AI is most effective when it helps simplify complexity, improve access to information and reduce administrative burdens without compromising privacy, governance or professional judgement.

This is particularly important in an educational context, where schools are custodians of sensitive learner, staff and family information. The conversation around AI cannot be separated from the conversation around data governance, security and compliance. Educators need clear guidelines on how AI can be used responsibly, and schools need systems that support innovation without creating additional risk.

The next phase of AI in education is likely to move beyond simply providing answers. Increasingly, AI will assist with routine administrative processes, help staff navigate information more efficiently and support decision-making through timely insights.

Used responsibly, this has the potential to free educators and school leaders from repetitive tasks, allowing them to spend more time on the human aspects of education that technology cannot replace.

The goal should never be to automate education itself. It should be to create more time, capacity and focus for the people at the heart of it.

There is also a significant equity risk at play. Well-resourced schools can afford to develop independent AI policies and train staff.

Millions of learners in under-resourced schools cannot.

Without a coordinated national approach, AI adoption will widen the digital divide rather than close it.

South Africa faces a clear choice: let AI adoption happen ad hoc, driven by fragmented experimentation, or build the governance frameworks, training programmes, and trusted systems required to elevate the entire sector.

The latter demands urgent collaboration between government, governing bodies, educators, and technology providers.

Technology alone does not improve education. Effective, safe implementation does.

We do not need more debate about whether AI belongs in education.

Reality has answered that. What we need now is the structural discipline to ensure it strengthens our schools rather than complicates them.

The challenge is no longer one of possibility. It is one of readiness.

• Willem Kitshoff is the Chief Executive Officer of d6, a leading South African school management and communication technology provider.

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By Johnathan Paoli

The Junior Springboks have welcomed their emphatic opening victory at the World Rugby U20 Championship but insist their attention has already shifted to what they expect will be a significantly tougher examination against hosts Georgia later this week.

South Africa’s defending champions opened their title defence in spectacular fashion with a 104-7 demolition of Uruguay in Tbilisi, Georgia, running in 16 tries to equal their longest winning streak in the tournament’s history with a seventh consecutive victory.

While the result sent an early warning to the rest of the competition, stand-in captain Rambo Kubheka said the squad remained grounded and fully aware that the challenge would intensify when they face a powerful Georgian outfit on Thursday.

“The boys played well, and I couldn’t have asked for more in our first game. Playing against South American teams, you know what to expect. They play with pride, they are very passionate, and they never go away,” Kubheka said.

Kubheka led the Junior Boks in the opening half before regular captain Siphosethu Mnebelele took over following the break.

Despite the lopsided scoreline, Kubheka praised Uruguay’s determination and echoed head coach Kevin Foote’s assessment that the South Americans never stopped competing.

Uruguay’s persistence was reflected in a late consolation try after the final hooter, denying South Africa a shutout despite the Junior Boks’ overwhelming dominance throughout the contest.

South Africa established control after a slightly untidy opening spell, racing to a 50-0 half-time advantage before adding another 54 points after the interval.

Markus Muller opened the scoring before Jordan Steenkamp crossed for the first of his three tries.

Risima Khosa also completed a hat-trick, while Khuthadzo Rasivhaga and Jayden Brits each scored twice.

Ethan Adams, Cheswill Jooste, Mnebelele and Gert Kemp also dotted down, while the Junior Boks were awarded a penalty try.

The clinical attacking display saw South Africa reach the century mark before Uruguay crossed late, underlining the depth and finishing ability within the defending champions’ squad.

However, Kubheka said the encounter with Georgia will present an entirely different challenge.

“We’ve played them three times already this year, so we know what’s coming,” he said. “They are a hard-working, physical side, and we are very clear about the challenge they will bring,” he said.

Steenkamp, who finished with a hat-trick, credited the collective effort behind his individual success after finally getting the tournament campaign underway following months of preparation.

“I’m grateful to my teammates for putting me in positions to score. It was a real team effort, and the forwards laid a strong platform for us backs to finish,” he said.

Head coach Kevin Foote was equally delighted with the performance, saying several players had strengthened their claims for selection as the tournament progresses.

“It’s awesome to finally get going after a long period of preparation. The players showed great intent from the start, and it’s pleasing to begin the tournament with a strong performance. There were plenty of strong performances and a number of players really put their hands up for selection. That’s exactly what you want in a competition like this, where the whole squad will be needed,” he said.

Foote said South Africa’s squad depth would be crucial throughout the championship, particularly with first-choice captain Riley Norton and flyhalf Vusi Moyo unavailable after being called into the senior Springbok squad.

“We have a very good squad, and we’ll give other players opportunities in the next game. The focus is on continuing to build and improve,” he said.

The Junior Boks resumed preparations on Monday after Sunday’s recovery session, fully aware that Georgia will present one of their sternest pool-stage tests.

The hosts narrowly lost 25-24 to Wales in their opening fixture and will be desperate to respond in front of a passionate home crowd.

“You can feel the energy and passion in Georgia already. They’ll be hurting after that loss and will come back strongly. We know they’ll bring a big physical challenge,” Foote said.

With momentum firmly on their side following a record-equalling seventh successive World Rugby U20 Championship victory, the Junior Springboks now face the task of proving their opening-day statement was only the beginning of another title challenge.

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By Michael Cox

If you’ve ever spent any time on social media, there’s a good chance you’ve seen the famous clip from several years ago of three Japan internationals — Hotaru Yamaguchi, Hiroshi Kiyotake, and Yosuke Ideguchi — taking on 100 schoolchildren on a full-sized football pitch.

The premise is farcical, but the footage is curiously mesmeric, and it’s actually fascinating to see how the three internationals actually manage to pass the ball to one another in space, overcoming the sheer probability that one of their opponents will get in their way, even if accidentally.

The key to their passing is, essentially, that the school kids always get dragged towards the ball over on one side, and the internationals can constantly switch the play to the opposite flank, where one of the trio is unmarked.

The youngsters are positionally naive, it must be said. That’s probably enough tactical analysis for now.

But sometimes, when watching the current Japan side compete against a mere 10 (albeit fully-grown) outfielders, you can’t help but detect the same approach play.

This is what Japan are all about. Their 3-4-3 system forms a front five in possession, and eternally causes opponents problems by finding a spare player — the bonus back, if you like — running into the box unmarked, on the blind side of the opposition defence, and available for a switch of play.

And if it can beat 100 opponents, maybe this is only 10 per cent of the challenge…

The interesting thing about Japan’s wing-backs is that they aren’t pure “arriving” wing-backs — they’re not Daniel Munoz or Denzel Dumfries, solely late runners who pop up at the far post.

They can do that. But right-sided Ritsu Doan is left-footed, and left-sided Keito Nakamura is right-footed.

They can cut inside to shoot, as Nakamura did to score against the Netherlands, and they can also check inside to switch the play with angled passes.

One passage of play, early in the second half of their 1-1 draw with Sweden, shows what Japan are all about. First, central midfielder Daichi Kamada moves to the left flank, cuts back onto his right foot and crosses deep for wing-back Yukinari Sugawara — platying instead of the rested Doan — to attack, but the ball drops before he can meet it on the volley.

Sweden half-clear the ball, but only as far as Ao Tanaka, who immediately switches the play again over to the left, where Kamada is there to meet it on the volley — but hits it straight at the goalkeeper.

This is what Japan are all about. They always have a spare player at the far post, and they will find him with late switches of play.

The most promising thing about Japan’s approach, ahead of their meeting with Brazil, is that the Selecao’s clear position of weakness is at full-back. Right-back Danilo will be 35 by the end of the tournament and is hardly the type of speedy, mobile full-back we’re accustomed to seeing for Brazil.

Left-back Douglas Santos has never been a top-class performer. In the centre of defence, they’re solid. You don’t want to be testing the aerial ability of Marquinhos and Gabriel.

Taking them out of the equation and switching the play past them is the right approach.

Further, it’s difficult to see how Brazil will cope with those runners on the far side in a tactical sense.

Other opponents generally feel compelled to drop an extra player into the back line, forming a back five against Japan’s front five — as the Netherlands did, with Frenkie de Jong dropping in from midfield. That freed up the full-backs to stay wide and cope with Japan’s switches.

Which Brazil player will do this? Will Casemiro do what De Jong did? Will the inexperienced Rayan continue on the right and be tasked with dropping in? Does Carlo Ancelotti even consider this a problem he needs to find a solution for?

This feels like an enormous match, not merely in the context of this tournament but in the context of the World Cup overall. While football likes to think of itself as a global game, it remains dominated by sides from Western Europe and South America.

Japan have always felt like the coming force from elsewhere: they have the infrastructure, the tactical and technical qualities and other coaches marvel at their cohesion. But they’ve never won a knockout game at the World Cup.

If they eliminate Brazil — the dominant side in World Cup history — it would be enormous. Tactically, Japan’s approach might be perfect for the task.

The New York Times

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By Charmaine Ndlela

South Africa’s severe shortage of donor organs has received a significant boost following the installation of Africa’s first liver perfusion machine at the Wits Donald Gordon Medical Centre (WDGMC), a breakthrough expected to increase the number of organs suitable for life-saving transplants.

The new technology keeps donor livers viable outside the body for extended periods while providing transplant specialists with real-time data on organ function before surgery.

ALSO READ: 50 years after Soweto Uprising, EWSETA focuses on preparing youth for jobs of the future

South Africa records one of the world’s lowest deceased organ donation rates, at just 1.4 donors per million people.

Thousands of patients remain on transplant waiting lists, while fewer than 300 organ transplants are performed annually.

Dr Bilal Bobat, a specialist gastroenterologist at WDGMC, said many patients deteriorate while waiting for suitable donor organs due to the ongoing shortage.

“Too many patients in South Africa deteriorate while waiting for a transplant because there are simply not enough donor organs available,” he said.

In a statement, WDGMC said the liver perfusion machine preserves donor organs outside the body for longer periods, allowing clinicians to assess their condition more accurately before transplantation.

Traditionally, donor livers are stored on ice and must be transplanted within about 10 hours. The new technology extends this window and allows for more detailed organ assessment.

The innovation is also expected to increase the number of usable organs by enabling transplant teams to evaluate livers that may previously have been deemed too risky.

WDGMC currently has more than 30 patients awaiting liver transplants and nearly 600 patients on its kidney transplant waiting list.

The centre, South Africa’s first private academic hospital, houses the country’s largest transplant unit and is the only centre in sub-Saharan Africa offering living-donor liver transplants for children.

Having performed more than 1,000 liver transplants, the unit is internationally recognised for its work in specialised transplant care, research and surgical training.

Bobat said the development marks a key milestone in a country where every donor organ is critical.

“This technology represents an important milestone for transplant care in a country with severe organ shortages, where every organ counts. For patients on the waiting list, it provides a greater chance of receiving a suitable organ in time, increasing the pool of viable organs and reducing uncertainty,” he said.

Clinicians say the machine is expected to reduce post-transplant complications, shorten hospital stays and improve recovery outcomes.

Professor Jerome Loveland, Head of Solid Organ Transplantation at WDGMC, said the introduction of liver perfusion technology would strengthen transplant care, research and medical training across Africa.

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“As a transplant programme, our responsibility extends far beyond the operating theatre,” Loveland said.

Despite the breakthrough, clinicians emphasised that increasing public awareness and organ donor registration remains essential.

According to the Department of Health, more than 4,300 South Africans are currently waiting for organ transplants, yet fewer than 1% of the population is registered as organ donors.

INSIDE EDUCATION 

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The Catholic school tour ended, and Maria Contreras felt an overwhelming desire to enroll her 7-year-old. But first, a difficult question for the principal.

The second grader has trouble focusing. He doesn’t listen to teachers and runs around the classroom, she explained. Could he be expelled?

More families across the country are experimenting with private school as states — and soon the federal government — use taxpayer-supported scholarships to encourage them to leave public school.

Soon, half of all American schoolkids will be able to apply for state money to finance a private education, and many states will offer the scholarships even to families with high incomes.

In theory, these programs are supposed to give children an educational opportunity they wouldn’t otherwise have. In reality, students already in private or home school are most likely to benefit, an analysis by The Associated Press shows.

The reasons are complicated. In some cases, public school families don’t know about these scholarship programs, known as vouchers or education savings accounts.

They may lack transportation to get their kids to private school. Some worry their child won’t survive in a more strict disciplinary environment.

Sometimes, as in Texas, the latest state to join the already $10.5 billion private school choice movement, the law is written to benefit families who know how to navigate complicated education systems.

Contreras and her husband had grown up Catholic in Mexico. They moved to Texas, he found a job as a welder, and eventually they got green cards. They were relatively happy sending their three older children to Fort Worth public schools.

But their youngest son, Ian, presented different challenges. He was reading far below grade level.

Contreras asked Ian’s teacher in the fall to test him for a learning disability, not knowing there was a legally mandated process for requesting an evaluation.

For months, no one tested her son.

She wasn’t alone. Students at her son’s elementary school, where nearly all students are economically disadvantaged and the majority are still learning English, have been diagnosed with learning disabilities at a surprisingly low rate. Only 4% qualify for special education services, compared with 14% districtwide.

Contreras had no idea then, but without the testing, she would have few options for paying for a new school for Ian.

The kids who benefit from school choice

Contreras learned about the opportunity for private school scholarships at church, of all places. During announcements at Mass, a man asked in Spanish if anyone wanted $10,000 to attend Catholic school. Ian roused from his nap and raised his hand.

Texas’ monumental program launches this fall, offering around $1 billion of public money to help families with private school or homeschooling expenses. The program funds education savings accounts — a type of scholarship that goes beyond just tuition, giving families money for everything from textbooks and music lessons to transportation and tech.

Republican-led states such as Indiana, Florida and Arizona have long offered taxpayer-funded scholarships for students attending private school or studying at home. But the movement to privatize education has surged under President Donald Trump, who has capitalized on growing skepticism of public schools.

For years, Texas had resisted launching a voucher program, as Democrats and rural Republicans blocked efforts they feared would divert money from public schools. Gov. Greg Abbott, a Republican, fast-tracked the creation of Texas Education Freedom Accounts last year with an assist from Trump. The president himself called GOP lawmakers to urge them to pass this part of his education agenda.

To get the votes, Texas Republicans abandoned a provision that would have awarded 80% of Freedom Accounts in the first year to students leaving public schools.

Without such a provision, evidence from other states is clear: The majority of scholarships will be used by students already in private or home school.

Last year in Alabama, for example, former public school students made up only 13% of participants in a new education savings account program, an AP analysis shows.

Even when they were approved for an account, most public schoolers ended up not switching schools.

In the end, the Texas legislation prioritized students from any type of school who have documented disabilities, plus their siblings. Those students, as long as their families earn less than $165,000 for a family of four, would be first in line when Texas awarded its Freedom Account scholarships this spring.

Next, the state prioritized lower-income children, whose families earn less than $66,000 for a family of four.

Ian would be in the third group, virtually at the end of the line, since his parents earn around $70,000 a year.

Priority for kids with disabilities

To catapult to the front, Ian would need to have a documented disability — a growing trend in state voucher programs. Today, nine states have taxpayer-funded scholarships to help students with special needs attend private school or learn at home.

But leaving the public school system is risky for many of these students, and special education advocates have long warned against it. Private schools aren’t legally required to admit students with special needs. Contreras was surprised to learn private schools also aren’t obligated to offer services to help kids with disabilities, as public schools are.

Despite decades of research on school choice, academic scholarship hasn’t kept pace with states targeting vouchers to students with disabilities. How those students are faring academically in traditional private schools is unknown.

Educators at Saint Rita Catholic School appeared unfazed when, in the middle of her tour, Contreras interrupted their description of the third grade reading list to disclose how much trouble Ian has sitting still.

“Sometimes a kid would rather be seen as active than not understanding,” replied Principal Kindra Johnston, a former counselor who brings her golden retriever to work each day. “I can teach him how to regulate himself. How to have purpose.”

Having a smaller class and a teacher who knows how to reach him could help, she added.

The school currently enrolls students with learning disabilities, including dyslexia, dysgraphia, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and borderline intellectual function, she told a reporter.

There’s no public information showing how many students with disabilities attend private schools in Texas. Representatives of the Diocese of Fort Worth say they have encouraged Catholic school students to apply for the scholarship money so schools can pay for more special education therapies students need.

Missing the deadline for disability testing

Contreras left the tour of Saint Rita wanting to enroll her son immediately. But she soon realized: Without the voucher, she can’t afford the $7,000 tuition.

With her daughter’s help, she formally requested a special education evaluation at her son’s public school.

Under Texas law, the district has 15 school days to respond and then 45 school days to evaluate after a parent files their request for disability testing. If evaluators find a disability and decide it’s affecting a child’s ability to learn, the school is legally obligated to make a plan and provide services to help.

But by the time the Texas voucher application was due, the Fort Worth school district still hadn’t tested Ian. Contreras had made the request too late.

Texas started notifying families in April whether they would get the voucher. According to information released so far, the approved applicants don’t mirror the state population. Only 43% recently attended public school. While more than half of Texas public school students are Latino, only a little over a quarter of voucher recipients are.

At the same time, three-fourths of the roughly 95,000 Freedom Accounts awarded as of May went to low-income kids. The share of approved applicants with disabilities, 28%, was double the share in the public school system.

Ian’s group has been placed on the waitlist.

In April, right before the school’s deadline to respond about the disability testing, and shortly after The Associated Press asked the district about Ian’s evaluation, his school contacted Contreras to arrange testing for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Contreras was surprised to learn the process started with a survey to be completed by a parent and Ian’s teacher, plus a visit to his pediatrician.

On the last day of school, Contreras finally got answers. Ian was diagnosed with ADHD. The school agreed to seat him near the teacher and give him extra teaching on difficult concepts.

But he currently doesn’t qualify for specialized services for his disability. He won’t receive priority status for this round of vouchers.

It’s possible Ian could benefit from leaving his public school and attending Saint Rita this fall.

Chances are, he won’t receive any financial help from the state to do it.

AP

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